TP 316=UNS S31600=1.4401
TP 316L=UNS 31603=1.4404
These grades belong to the family of 17%Cr12-13%Ni steels containing 2,0-3,0%Mo. This standard grade is used where specific attributes ofother members of the family are not necessary - eg. no likelihood of intercrystalline corrosion caused by welding. Special for TP 316L, lowcarbon content, minimizes chromium carbide preciptation and improves resistance to intercrystalline corrosion. After TP 304/304L type steels,these TP 316/316L grades are the most widely used austenitics. Good high temperature oxidation resistance up to 900°C. In the damp industrialor onshore atmospheres of Europe, they perform better than TP 304/304L and ferritic grades. In low temperature seawater they offer limitedresistance to pitting but are susceptible to crevice attack. Their short- and long-time properties at elevated temperatures are also superior tothose of comparable TP 304/304L grades. Main applications: pipes and heat exchanger tubes in chemical and petrochemical plant, in boilersand food industry.
TP 316H=UNS S31609This grade with guaranteed carbon content of min. 0,04% enhances strength at elevated temperatures. Similar oxidation resistance to TP 316.Main applications: Heat exchangers, furnaces, chemical and petrochemical plant.
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 |
1.4401 |
X5CrNiMo17 12 2 |
S31600 |
316 |
Z6CND17.11 |
316S16 |
| 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 |
1.4404 |
X2CrNiMo17 13 2 |
S31603 |
316L |
Z2CND17.12 |
316S12 |
| 00Cr17NiMo2 |
1.4435 |
X2CrNiMo18 14 3 |
S31603 |
316L |
Z2CND17.13 |
316S12 |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 |
1.4436 |
X5CrNiMo17 13 3 |
S31600 |
316 |
Z6CND17.12 |
316S16 |
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S31609 |
316H |
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Steel material 1.4435 X2CrNiMo 18-14-3, W.No. 1.4435, AISI TYPE 316 L. Characteristics:
tensile strength 450-700N/mm2
Material No. 1.4466 and Mat. No. 1.4435 are austenitic, stainless and acid resisting nickel, chromium, molybdenum steels with a very low carbon content (ELC type).Both grades have a fully austenitic structure. Material No. 1.4466 features improved strength due to its nitrogen addition, which is of particular importance for the 0,2% proof stress to be used as design basis. Material No. 1.4435 was mainly developed for urea plant applications.
Applications:
Material No. 1.4466 and Material No. 1.4435 are mainly used for parts and equipment in urea plant subjected to high pressures and temperatures, and to severe corrosion (steam separator, condenser, reactor, stripper, scrubber). Both grades are also suitable for applications involving the attack of a variety of chemicals in dyemills, in the textile, paper and leather industries, as well as the chemical, pharmaceutical and plastics industries.
The steels are not magnetic.
Corrosion resistance Intergranular corrosion Owing to their alloying elements and to the melting technique employed. Material No. 1.4466 and 1.4435 feature very good resistance to intergranular corrosion when tested according to DIN 50914. Their corrosion resistance is also found to be excellent when subjected to a Huey test according to ASTM A 252 Practice C – a maximum corrosion rate of 0.247 g/m_hr (1.4466) and 0.54 g/m_hr (1.4435) obtained as an average of 5 bolling periods of 48 hours each can be guaranteed.
Stress corrosion cracking and pitting The alloying elements of Material No. 1.4466 give this grade improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking and pitting in high-chloride media (e.g. sea water) compared to that of conventional 18/8 steels.
Forming properties Both grades can conveniently be cold formed, hot formed and machined.
Welding properties Welding presents no difficulties. With an approved welding technique for fully austenitic filler metals sound weld joints can be achieved up to a plate thickness of 80 mm. Welding should be carried out with a short arc and mean amperage taking care to prevent weave beads exeeding two times the electrode diameter. Thick layers are to be avoided. It is recommended to chip out the end craters. Interpass temperature should not exceed 150°. Quite on general, no postheat-treatment is required. 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, TP 316Ti=UNS S31635=1.4571, This is one of the family of 17%Cr12-13%Ni steels containing Mo of 2,0-2,4% stabilized with Ti which minimizes chromium carbide precipitation and improves resistance to intergranular corrosion. In the damp industrial or coastal atmospheres of Europe, they perform better than TP 304/304L and ferritic grades. In low temperature seawater they offer limited resistance to pitting but are susceptible to crevice attack. Their short- and long-time properties at elevated temperatures are also superior to those of comparable TP 304/304L grades.
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